The Public Health Outcomes Framework
The Public Health Outcomes Framework (PHOF) sets the context for local areas to decide what public health interventions they will make. It sets out two overarching outcomes:
- increased healthy life expectancy; and
- reduced differences in life expectancy within and between communities.
The framework has four domains with supporting indicators as shown below:
The influence of planning cuts across all four domains, as shown in the table below. Thus there is a clear need for public health to engage and collaborate with planning to share knowledge and expertise.
Public Health Outcomes Framework domains/indicators influenced by planning
* The Public Health Outcomes Framework shares indicators with the NHS Outcomes Framework that planning can potentially influence such as under 75 mortality rate from cardiovascular disease; and under 75 mortality rate from respiratory disease.
Source: Based on Reuniting health with planning (TCPA, 2012; p.13)
The way in which planning can influence these domains and indicators is explored further in the How and Joint Working sections.
The PHOF was specifically designed so it would reflect the wider determinants of health such as poverty, education, housing, employment, crime and pollution. All planners would recognise these issues as being under the influence of planning. By working with planners health professionals can have a much greater influence on these wider determinants.
The importance of these wider determinants is reflected in a recent report by Public Health England that covers just one element of one of the determinants listed above. The report estimates that 5.6% of the deaths in Kent can be attributable to concentrations of anthropogenic particulate matter.
The Social Care Outcomes Framework
Planning also has an influence on social care domains and outcomes as highlighted in the table below; a key opportunity is likely to be in delaying/reducing the need for social care services by increasing physical/social activity in the elderly.
Social Care Outcomes Framework domains/outcomes influenced by planning